(b Nuremberg, 1502; d Italy, 1540). Painter, engraver, etcher and possibly designer of woodcuts, brother of (1) Sebald Beham. He is best known for his painted portraits and for his superb small engravings of Classical themes. The year of his birth is verified in a portrait of 1531 by Ludwig Neufahrer (d 1563), which gives Barthel’s age as 29. His early works (c. 1520) are engravings obviously influenced in choice of subject, composition and graphic means by Albrecht Dürer and by his brother Sebald, both of whom are considered to have been his teachers. Barthel’s interest in antiquity, as transmitted through the engravings of Marcantonio Raimondi, is evident as early as 1524 in subjects that are Classically inspired and erotic (e.g. Cimon and Pero, B. 11; Cleopatra, B. 12) and in figures that, though still in Dürer’s manner, are fuller in form. Barthel’s representations of peasants (1524; B. 46, 47) continued the tradition of small engravings featuring one or two peasants begun by Dürer around 1497 (B. 89–90) and continued by Sebald Beham (B. 191–5). If Röttinger’s attribution to Barthel of a dozen or so woodcuts (Geisberg, nos 251–62) is correct (Stewart, 1993, favours Sebald), then it would seem that in the 1530s the brothers developed this theme into large woodcuts depicting rural festivals, with many peasants celebrating together. These works are uncharacteristically clumsy, perhaps due to lack of skill on the woodcutters’ part. Altogether Barthel created 92 engravings and etchings, the subjects and styles of which often coincide wth Sebald’s, and indeed vice versa, for his elder but longer-lived brother often used Barthel’s designs as models in later years. The intaglio prints are small and finely engraved, but only a few bear his monogram. As with Sebald, the form of this changed from an early BP, reflecting Nuremberg dialect, to BB from 1531.

Part of the Beham family

• Beham, Barthel (1502-40)
  • Beham
  • Engraving, §II, 3(i)(a): Major exponents and their influences, c 1500–c 1600: Dürer
  • Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §III: Monogrammist BB
  • Munich, §II, 1: Art life and organization, before c 1799
  • Nuremberg, §II, 1: Art life and organization: Painting and stained glass
  • groups and movements
    • Little Masters
  • patrons and collectors
    • Wittelsbach, §I: (2) William IV, Duke of Bavaria
  • pupils
    • Beham: (1) Sebald Beham
    • Mielich, Hans
  • works
    • Germany, §III, 2(ii)(b): Renaissance painting and graphic arts: Work and influence of Dürer
    • Luther, Martin
    • Prints, §II, 1(i): Subject-matter, before c 1700: Devotional, religious and moralizing
    • Prints, §II, 1(iv): Subject-matter, before c 1700: Genre
    • Woodcut, §II, 3(i): 16th century: Holy Roman Empire