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Lebedev, Viktor (Vladimirovich)
(b Moscow, 2 Sept 1909). Russian architect. He studied from 1930 to 1936 in the architectural faculty of the Academy of Arts, Leningrad (now St Petersburg), under Lev Rudnev (1885–1956), under whose direction he began work in Moscow. His first buildings were in the style of St Petersburg classicism and were built in collaboration with Pavel Shteller (1910–77), for example the administrative building (1947) on the Petrovka, Moscow, and the Pavilion of the Central Black Earth Regions (1953) at the All Union Agricultural Exhibition, Moscow; they are notable for their integration with the surroundings and their virtuoso use of detailing. At the end of the 1950s he turned to the principles of Rationalism, forming sculptural, expressive compositions, such as the Prospekt Mira Radial Line metro station (1957; with Shteller) and the residential complex (1958–64; with others), at the junction of the Volokolamskoye and Leningradskoye roads, both in Moscow. The compact, enclosed composition of the Choreographical College (1967; with Sergey I. Kuchanov and Alexandr D. Larin) of the Bol’shoy Theatre, Moscow, is marked by a calm balance. He led the design and construction of large residential districts in western Moscow, such as Veshnyaki-Vladychino (from 1968) and Ivanovskoye (1970), which were executed using industrially prefabricated units and followed the concept of vast, hierarchically arranged spatial groupings, centred on self-contained, enclosed residential structures. The building of the Perovsk Regional and Executive Committees of the Communist Party (1974; with Alexandr S. Tsiv’yan and E. V. Yavorsky), Perovo, Moscow, with the strong rhythm of its vertical pylons, shows a revival of interest in monumental architecture. In the Pioneer Palace (1987; with Yurii N. Konovalov and Igor K. Chalov), Perovo, suggestions of a traditional character are combined with an elegant geometry of generalized forms in a poetic ‘game-building’, whose character approaches that of Post-modernist designs.
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