(b Panicale, Umbria, 1383; d after 1435). Italian painter. He is one of the pivotal figures of Florentine painting. Not only does his career span the two decades during which the basis of Renaissance painting was forged, but for a time he collaborated with its protagonist, MASACCIO, most notably in a cycle of frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel in S Maria del Carmine, Florence, a landmark in the history of European art. Paradoxically, his collaboration with Masaccio has obscured his own achievement. Vasari originated the idea that Masolino was the teacher of Masaccio, and he also attributed a number of Masolino’s works to an early phase of Masaccio’s. Not until the 20th century was the work of the two artists convincingly distinguished. Masolino’s most extensive independent fresco cycle in the Lombard town of Castiglione Olona (a work unknown to Vasari) was recovered in 1843, and a century later the fresco fragments and the sinopie of another, documented cycle were discovered in the church of S Stefano, Empoli. These have thrown further light on a career that remains enigmatic and subject to a variety of interpretations.

• Masolino (da Panicale)
  • Italy, §III, 3(ii)(a): Early Renaissance painting, c 1400–c 1500: Florence
  • assistants
    • Vecchietta, §1: Before c 1465
  • attributions
    • Delitio, Andrea
    • Masaccio, §I, 1(iv): Training and early years, to c 1426: The Carnesecchi Triptych
    • Masaccio, §I, 3: Lost undated works
    • Masaccio, §I, 4: Disputed attributions
    • Rome, §V, 17(iii)(b): S Clemente, upper church: Painting
  • collaboration
    • Architectural pictures, §1: Before c 1550
    • Domenico Veneziano, §1(i): Early works, to mid-1440s
    • Florence, §II, 1(ii): Art life and organization, c 1400–c 1530
    • Masaccio, §I, 1: Training and early years, to c 1426
    • Masaccio, §I, 1(iii): Training and early years, to c 1426: The S Ambrogio Altarpiece
    • Masaccio, §I, 2(ii): Life and work, c 1427 and after: The Brancacci Chapel frescoes
    • Masaccio, §I, 2(iii): Life and work, c 1427 and after: The S Maria Maggiore Altarpiece
  • copies
    • Labruzzi, Carlo
  • patrons and collectors
    • Brancacci, Felice
    • Colonna: (1) Martin V
    • Rome, §III, 3: Art life and organization, 1420–1502
  • works
    • Italy, §III, 3(i)(d): Early Renaissance painting, c 1400–c 1500: Subject-matter & patronage
    • Lippi: (2) Filippino Lippi, §1(ii): Early maturity, c 1485–7
    • Pesello
    • Renaissance, §2: Early Renaissance, c 1300–1450